Uniquely You...

Whole genome sequencing reads essentially all of your DNA in one test. It is used to flag inherited disease risks, carrier status you could pass to children, and gene variants that shape how you respond to medicines, and it underpins many of the other genetic insights in your report.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Pharmacogenomics reads the genes that control how your body activates and clears common medicines. It helps predict which drugs are likely to work well, which may not, and which could cause side effects, so prescribing can be tailored to you and lean less on trial-and-error.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Total cholesterol is the overall amount of cholesterol in your blood, combining the harmful and protective types. It's a useful first look at heart risk, though the breakdown into LDL, HDL and particle counts tells the fuller story.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

LDL carries cholesterol into your artery walls, where it can build up as plaque. It's the main cholesterol target for lowering heart-attack and stroke risk, so a high level is one of the most actionable numbers in a lipid panel.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

HDL is the 'good' cholesterol that helps clear excess fat from your arteries and carry it back to the liver. Higher levels are generally protective, while low HDL is a common marker of increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Triglycerides are the main fat in your blood, rising with excess sugar, refined carbs, alcohol and calories. High levels are linked to insulin resistance and heart risk, and very high levels can inflame the pancreas.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Every artery-clogging cholesterol particle carries exactly one ApoB protein, so ApoB is a direct count of the harmful particles driving heart disease. Many experts consider it a more accurate predictor of cardiovascular risk than LDL cholesterol alone.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

ApoA1 is the main protein in protective HDL particles and drives the process that clears cholesterol from your arteries. Higher levels generally reflect stronger cardiovascular protection, so a low ApoA1 can signal increased heart risk.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Lipoprotein(a) is an inherited, largely fixed cholesterol particle that most people never have measured. A high level independently raises the risk of early heart disease, stroke and narrowed aortic valves, and it is worth knowing once, since it barely changes through life.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

hs-CRP detects low-grade inflammation deep in the body, including in artery walls. Because hidden inflammation quietly drives heart disease and many chronic conditions, a raised hs-CRP is an early warning even when you feel well.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

NT-proBNP is released when the heart's chambers are stretched and working too hard. It's a key marker for detecting and monitoring heart failure, rising before many symptoms become obvious.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Troponin T is released when heart-muscle cells are injured. The high-sensitivity test can pick up tiny amounts, making it the key marker for heart attacks and, at low levels, a subtle signal of ongoing heart strain.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

CK-MB is a form of creatine kinase concentrated in heart muscle. A rise suggests injury to the heart specifically, so it's used alongside troponin to assess heart-muscle damage.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Non-HDL cholesterol is all the cholesterol carried by artery-clogging particles, meaning everything except protective HDL. Worked out from total and HDL cholesterol, it captures your full atherogenic burden in a single number and is a strong predictor of heart risk.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This ratio compares your total cholesterol with your protective HDL, giving a quick snapshot of the balance between harmful and helpful cholesterol. A lower ratio generally means lower cardiovascular risk.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This ratio weighs harmful LDL against protective HDL cholesterol. It's a simple way to summarise the direction of your cholesterol balance, with lower ratios linked to lower heart risk.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This ratio is a simple, powerful signal of insulin resistance and of small, dense cholesterol particles. A high triglyceride-to-HDL ratio often points to metabolic trouble before blood sugar itself looks abnormal.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This shows what share of your total cholesterol is carried by artery-clogging particles, with the rest in protective HDL. A higher share reflects a more atherogenic profile.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Creatine kinase is an enzyme released when muscle is strained or damaged. It rises after intense exercise or injury, and persistently high levels can point to muscle disorders or a side effect of some medications such as statins.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Fasting glucose is your blood sugar after an overnight fast, a core check of how well your body controls blood sugar. Raised levels are the classic early sign of prediabetes and diabetes.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Fasting insulin shows how hard your pancreas is working to keep blood sugar normal. It often rises years before glucose does, making it an early window into insulin resistance and metabolic health.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

HbA1c reflects your average blood sugar over the past two to three months by measuring how much sugar is stuck to your red blood cells. It's the standard test for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

HOMA-IR combines your fasting glucose and insulin into a single score of how well your body responds to insulin. A higher score points to insulin resistance, a root driver of type 2 diabetes and metabolic disease, often long before blood sugar rises.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

C-peptide is released alongside insulin, so it shows how much insulin your own pancreas is actually making. It helps distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes and gauge remaining pancreatic function.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Fructosamine reflects your average blood sugar over the past two to three weeks, a shorter window than HbA1c. It is useful when recent changes matter or when conditions affecting red blood cells make HbA1c less reliable.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

IGF-1 is a growth and repair hormone driven largely by growth hormone from the pituitary. It reflects growth-hormone activity and metabolic health; abnormal levels can signal pituitary disorders and are also studied in ageing and longevity.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Uric acid is a waste product from breaking down purines in food and cells. When it builds up it can crystallise in joints to cause gout, form kidney stones, and it's increasingly linked to high blood pressure and metabolic risk.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Creatinine is a waste product from normal muscle activity that your kidneys filter out. Because healthy kidneys keep it low, a rising creatinine is a core signal that kidney filtering is slowing down.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Urea is a waste product from breaking down protein, cleared by the kidneys. It reflects kidney function but also shifts with hydration and protein intake, so it's read alongside creatinine.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Cystatin C is a protein produced steadily by all cells and filtered by the kidneys, making it a precise measure of kidney filtering that holds up across differences in muscle mass, age and diet that can skew creatinine.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

eGFR estimates how much blood your kidneys filter each minute, the standard measure of overall kidney function. A falling eGFR is used to detect and stage chronic kidney disease.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Electrolytes are the charged minerals (sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate) that keep your fluids balanced and your nerves, muscles and heart working. Imbalances can stem from the kidneys, hydration, hormones or medications and can affect heart rhythm.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Urine chemistry checks how your kidneys handle protein, minerals and waste by measuring what leaks into your urine. Protein in the urine is an early warning of kidney damage, often before blood tests change.

Sample: Urine · In every Axiom

The anion gap is a calculated check on the acid-base balance of your blood. A high gap points to a build-up of acids, as in poorly controlled diabetes or kidney problems, and helps pinpoint the cause of metabolic disturbances.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This ratio helps show whether a raised urea comes from the kidneys themselves or from causes outside them, such as dehydration, a high-protein state or gut bleeding, helping target the right next step.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme concentrated inside liver cells. When those cells are stressed or damaged they leak ALT into the blood, so a raised level is one of the most specific everyday signals of liver injury.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme found in the liver but also in muscle and the heart. Alongside ALT it helps assess liver health, and the pattern between the two hints at the cause of any liver stress.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found mainly in the liver's bile system and in bone. A raised level points to a blockage in bile flow or to increased bone activity, so it's interpreted alongside other liver and bone markers.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

GGT is a liver enzyme especially sensitive to alcohol, medications and bile-flow problems. It's often used to work out whether a raised ALP is coming from the liver, and as a marker of alcohol-related liver stress.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Bilirubin is a yellow pigment made when old red blood cells break down; the liver processes it for removal. High levels cause jaundice and can reflect liver disease, bile-duct blockage, or faster red-cell breakdown.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Albumin is the main protein your liver makes; it keeps fluid inside blood vessels and carries hormones and nutrients. Low levels can reflect liver disease, kidney loss, poor nutrition or ongoing inflammation.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Total protein measures albumin plus the antibody-rich globulins together, giving a broad view of nutrition, liver function and immune activity. Abnormal levels prompt a closer look at which protein fraction is responsible.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Ammonia is a toxic by-product of protein breakdown that a healthy liver quickly converts for removal. When the liver is failing, ammonia builds up and can affect the brain, causing confusion and drowsiness.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

PRO-C3 is a marker of active scar-tissue formation (fibrosis), released as new type-III collagen is laid down in the liver. It reflects active, ongoing scarring, helping assess how fatty-liver disease is progressing.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Amylase and lipase are enzymes the pancreas releases to digest food. When the pancreas is inflamed or injured they spill into the blood, so a sharp rise, especially in lipase, is the key signal of pancreatitis.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Globulins are the antibody-rich protein fraction of your blood, worked out from total protein minus albumin. They reflect immune activity, so raised levels can signal chronic infection, inflammation or immune conditions, while low levels can mean weaker immune defences.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

This ratio compares your liver's main protein (albumin) with your antibody proteins (globulins). A low ratio can flag chronic inflammation, infection, liver disease or immune conditions, prompting a closer look.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

The pattern between your two main liver enzymes points to the likely cause of liver stress. A ratio above two suggests alcohol-related injury or advanced scarring, while a ratio below one is more typical of fatty-liver disease.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Calcium is essential for strong bones and for nerve and muscle signalling. Your body keeps blood calcium in a tight range using hormones and vitamin D, so an abnormal level usually points to a parathyroid, vitamin D, kidney or, rarely, a cancer-related cause.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

This is the main storage form of vitamin D and the best measure of your vitamin D status. Vitamin D supports bone strength, immunity and mood, and deficiency is very common, especially in darker skin and low-sunlight months.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

This is a breakdown product of vitamin D that shows how actively your body is processing it. Compared with the storage form, it helps tell true vitamin D deficiency apart from differences in how individuals handle the vitamin.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Phosphate works with calcium to build bone and is central to energy production in every cell. Levels are controlled by the kidneys and hormones, so an abnormal result often points to kidney, bone or nutritional causes.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Magnesium powers energy production, muscle and nerve function, and steady heart rhythm, and it supports sleep. Low levels are common with poor diet, gut issues or certain medications and can quietly cause cramps, fatigue and palpitations.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Parathyroid hormone is the master controller of calcium, pulling it from bone and conserving it via the kidneys when blood calcium dips. Measured with calcium and vitamin D, it explains why calcium or bone density is off.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

P1NP is released as new bone collagen is built, making it a sensitive marker of bone formation. It's used mainly to track how well osteoporosis treatment is working, often changing within months.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

CTX is released when old bone is broken down, so it measures the rate of bone resorption. A high level signals rapid bone loss, and it's used to assess osteoporosis risk and monitor treatment that slows bone breakdown.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Because much of your calcium travels bound to the protein albumin, the measured value can mislead when albumin is abnormal. Corrected calcium adjusts for this to give a truer reading of your active calcium level.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Ferritin is the protein your body uses to store iron. Because it mirrors your total iron reserves, it is the earliest and most sensitive sign of iron deficiency, usually dropping well before anaemia appears, while unusually high levels can flag inflammation, liver stress or iron overload.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

This measures the iron currently circulating in your blood, ready to help carry oxygen. On its own it fluctuates through the day, so it's interpreted with ferritin and iron-binding capacity to judge your true iron status.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

These measure your blood's spare capacity to bind and transport iron. Capacity rises when iron stores are low and falls when they're high, so together with iron and ferritin they complete the picture of your iron status.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

sTfR rises when your cells are hungry for iron, and it stays reliable even when inflammation is present, which can distort ferritin. That makes it especially useful for spotting true iron deficiency when inflammation is also in the picture.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Haptoglobin mops up haemoglobin released when red blood cells break down. When red cells are being destroyed faster than normal, haptoglobin is used up and falls, so a low level is a key clue to haemolysis.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

LDH is an enzyme found in almost all cells and released when they're damaged. It's a non-specific marker of cell turnover and tissue injury, raised in conditions from red-cell breakdown to inflammation and some cancers.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

G6PD is an enzyme that protects red blood cells from stress. An inherited deficiency is common in some regions and usually silent, until certain foods, infections or medicines trigger red-cell breakdown, which is why it is checked before some treatments.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

This ratio combines a marker of iron demand with a marker of iron stores to separate true iron deficiency from iron that is simply locked away by inflammation, a common diagnostic puzzle.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

The Thomas index refines the iron picture to show how much iron is actually available for making red blood cells. It is used to classify iron deficiency, including the 'functional' type where stores look normal but iron cannot be used.

Sample: Blood (derived) · In every Axiom

Vitamin B12 is essential for healthy nerves and red blood cells. Deficiency is common, especially with plant-based diets, gut conditions or age, and can cause fatigue, tingling and memory problems that improve once it is corrected.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Active B12 measures only the fraction of vitamin B12 your cells can actually use. Because it falls earlier than total B12, it can catch a developing deficiency sooner and clarify borderline results.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Folate is a B-vitamin needed to make new cells and healthy red blood cells, and it's especially important before and during early pregnancy. Deficiency causes a type of anaemia and can raise homocysteine.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

RBC folate reflects your longer-term folate stores, built up over the past few months. It gives a more stable picture of your folate status than a standard serum folate test, which can shift with recent meals.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom

Homocysteine is an amino acid that builds up when B-vitamins (B12, folate, B6) are low. Raised levels are linked to higher risk of heart disease, stroke and cognitive decline, and often improve with B-vitamin correction.

Sample: Blood · In every Axiom